What is alternative explanation in research?
3. An alternative explanation refers to.. (a) A different way of interpreting the results. (b) A result that is culture-specific. (c) A modification in the original study.
What’s an alternative explanation?
1 a possibility of choice, esp. between two things, courses of action, etc. 2 either of such choices.
What is an alternative explanation in psychology?
Alternative Explanation. Part of casual inference; a potential alternative cause of an observed relationship between variables.
What are the three elements for inferring causation?
The three criteria for establishing cause and effect – association, time ordering (or temporal precedence), and non-spuriousness – are familiar to most researchers from courses in research methods or statistics.
Why is causal inference important?
Causal inference gives us tools to understand what it means for some variables to affect others. In the future, we could use causal inference models to address a wider scope of problems — both in and out of telecommunications — so that our models of the world become more intelligent.
What is Nonspuriousness?
Nonspuriousness is a relationship between two variables that is not due to variation in a third variable. When this third variable, an extraneous variable, causes the variation, it is said to have created a spurious relationship between the independent and dependent variables.
What are the five conditions of causation?
Five criteria should be considered in trying to establish a causal relationship. The first three criteria are generally considered as requirements for identifying a causal effect: (1) empirical association, (2) temporal priority of the indepen- dent variable, and (3) nonspuriousness.
How do you show a causal relationship?
In sum, the following criteria must be met for a correlation to be considered causal:The two variables must vary together.The relationship must be plausible.The cause must precede the effect in time.The relationship must be nonspurious (not due to a third variable).
How is cause and effect different in a relationship?
These examples identify only a few of the relationships we think about in our lives, but each shows the importance of understanding cause and effect. A cause is something that produces an event or condition; an effect is what results from an event or condition.
What is an example of correlation but not causation?
Often times, people naively state a change in one variable causes a change in another variable. They may have evidence from real-world experiences that indicate a correlation between the two variables, but correlation does not imply causation! For example, more sleep will cause you to perform better at work.
What are two research methods for exploring the cause and effect relationships between variables?
There are two research methods for exploring the cause and effect relationship between variables: Experimentation, and. Simulation.
What is the aim of descriptive research?
Descriptive research aims to accurately and systematically describe a population, situation or phenomenon. It can answer what, where, when and how questions, but not why questions. A descriptive research design can use a wide variety of research methods to investigate one or more variables.
Which of the following research methods can determine a cause and effect relationship?
A controlled experiment is the only research method that can establish a cause and effect relationship. An effective way to determine the independent and dependent variables is to word the hypothesis in the form of an “If …, then …” statement.
What type of research is cause and effect?
Causal research, also called explanatory research, is the investigation of (research into) cause-and-effect relationships.
What is correlation method?
Correlational research is a type of nonexperimental research in which the researcher measures two variables and assesses the statistical relationship (i.e., the correlation) between them with little or no effort to control extraneous variables.
What is a good way to remember the difference between independent variables?
Many people have trouble remembering which is the independent variable and which is the dependent variable. An easy way to remember is to insert the names of the two variables you are using in this sentence in they way that makes the most sense.